Guthfrith 3 (Male) I, king of York, 883-?895
l ix

Factoid List

Recorded Name (2)
Guthfrid (1)
 Æthelweard.Chron  iv.3 (p. 51)
Guthred (1)
 NorthernAnnals.SecondSet  81
Personal Information (1)
reputation (1)
 Æthelweard.Chron  iv.3 (p. 51) (hateful king)
Office (3)
King (3)
 Æthelweard.Chron  iv.3 (p. 51) (King of the Northumbrians)
 Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  13
 NorthernAnnals.SecondSet  81
Status (2)
Puer (1)
 Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  13
Slave (1)
 Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  13
Personal Relationship (1)
Guthfrith 3 Son (Consanguineal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Harthacnut 2: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  13
Event (5)
Appointment/consecration/elevation/ordination of king (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Battle (1)
 Guthfrith 3.vision of St Cuthbert 1: Once the Scots crossed the Tweed and devastated St Cuthbert's 1. When King Guthfrith 3 heard of this, on order to avenge the holy confessor [St Cuthbert 1] he hastened thither with only a small number of warriors. Before the battle St Cuthbert 1 appeared before the king at night, while he was asleep, and promised help. And indeed, on the morning after the enemy were swallowed alive by the earth before Guthfrith 3 and his army approached them. The king then granted privileges to St Cuthbert's 1 on account of this miracle.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  33-34
Burial (1)
 Guthfrith 3.burial: The body of Guthfrith 3 was entombed at York in the great basilica.: Æthelweard.Chron  iv.3 (p. 51)
Church/monastery destruction (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Culting/venerating saint(s) (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Death/dying (1)
 Guthfrith 3.death: In 894 King Guthfrith 3 died.: NorthernAnnals.SecondSet  81 (894)
Demolition (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Dreaming/seeing vision/revelation (2)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
 Guthfrith 3.vision of St Cuthbert 1: Once the Scots crossed the Tweed and devastated St Cuthbert's 1. When King Guthfrith 3 heard of this, on order to avenge the holy confessor [St Cuthbert 1] he hastened thither with only a small number of warriors. Before the battle St Cuthbert 1 appeared before the king at night, while he was asleep, and promised help. And indeed, on the morning after the enemy were swallowed alive by the earth before Guthfrith 3 and his army approached them. The king then granted privileges to St Cuthbert's 1 on account of this miracle.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  33-34
Election of king (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Grant and Gift (2)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
 Guthfrith 3.vision of St Cuthbert 1: Once the Scots crossed the Tweed and devastated St Cuthbert's 1. When King Guthfrith 3 heard of this, on order to avenge the holy confessor [St Cuthbert 1] he hastened thither with only a small number of warriors. Before the battle St Cuthbert 1 appeared before the king at night, while he was asleep, and promised help. And indeed, on the morning after the enemy were swallowed alive by the earth before Guthfrith 3 and his army approached them. The king then granted privileges to St Cuthbert's 1 on account of this miracle.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  33-34
Hiding/harbouring/sanctuary (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Illness/demonic seizure/madness (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Killing/murder (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Message-sending (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Miracle (1)
 Guthfrith 3.vision of St Cuthbert 1: Once the Scots crossed the Tweed and devastated St Cuthbert's 1. When King Guthfrith 3 heard of this, on order to avenge the holy confessor [St Cuthbert 1] he hastened thither with only a small number of warriors. Before the battle St Cuthbert 1 appeared before the king at night, while he was asleep, and promised help. And indeed, on the morning after the enemy were swallowed alive by the earth before Guthfrith 3 and his army approached them. The king then granted privileges to St Cuthbert's 1 on account of this miracle.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  33-34
Oath-swearing/fealty (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Peace agreement (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Raiding (2)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
 Guthfrith 3.vision of St Cuthbert 1: Once the Scots crossed the Tweed and devastated St Cuthbert's 1. When King Guthfrith 3 heard of this, on order to avenge the holy confessor [St Cuthbert 1] he hastened thither with only a small number of warriors. Before the battle St Cuthbert 1 appeared before the king at night, while he was asleep, and promised help. And indeed, on the morning after the enemy were swallowed alive by the earth before Guthfrith 3 and his army approached them. The king then granted privileges to St Cuthbert's 1 on account of this miracle.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  33-34
Relics-incorrupt preservation/placing in reliquary/requesting/translating (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13
Slave-selling (1)
 Guthfrith 3.elected king of York: So with Ælle 3 and his brother Osberht 6 slain, none of their kinsmen ruled – this [favour] from God having been obtained by St Cuthbert 1, against whom they had sinned much – for the Danes slew nearly all the English in the southern and the northern part [of England], demolished and despoiled the churches. Then Halfdan 2, king of the Danes, entered the Tyne and sailed as far as Wircesforda, devastating everything and sinning cruelly against St Cuthbert 1. But soon the wrath of God and of the holy confessor fell upon him. For he began to rave and to reek so badly that his whole army drove him from its midst.

At that time St Cuthbert 1 appeared in the night to the holy abbot of Carlisle named Eadred 29, firmly commanding him as follows: ‘Go’, he said, ‘over the Tyne to the army of the Danes, and tell them that it they wish to be obedient to me, they should show you a certain young man named Guthfrith 3 son of Harthacnut 2, the slave of a certain widow [Anonymous 10133]. In the early morning you and the whole army should offer the widow the price for him, and at the third hour [take him] in exchange for the price; then at the sixth hour lead him before the whole multitude so that they may elect him king, and at the ninth hour lead him with the whole army upon the hill which is called Oswigesdune and there place on his right arm a golden armlet, and thus they shall all constitute him king. Tell him also, after he has been made king, to give me [i.e. St Cuthbert's 1] all land between the Tyne and Wear and [to grant that] whoever shall flee to me, whether for homicide or for any other necessity, may have peace for thirty-seven days and nights.’ Certain of this vision and strengthened by the reasonable command of the holy confessor, that holy abbot confidently hurried to the barbarian host, by which [he was] honourably received, [and] there he faithfully carried out [everything] on the order in which he had been commanded. For he found that boy, redeemed [him], and with the great support of the whole multitude constituted him king, received the land and the peace. Then bishop Eardwulf 18 brought to that host and to that hill the body of St Cuthbert 1, over which the king himself and the whole host swore peace and fidelity as long as they might live, and this oath was faithfully observed.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto  12-13