Æthelflæd 4 (Female) Lady of the Mercians, 911-918
l ix-e x

Notes: BDDAB, pp. 21-2; BEASE, p. 14, s.vv.,?Æthelred, "Lord of the Mercians"?; CDNB 1:944; DNB 18:21-2 = 6:885-6; Fletcher, pp. 147-8; Hart, ECNE, p. 283; MEE, p. 8; F. T. Wainwright, ?Æthelflæd, lady of the Mercians?, Scandinavian England (1975), pp. 305?24; Marios Costambeys, ?Æthelflæd (d. 918)?, ODNB. She may have owned land in Warwicks. & Bucks., see Æthelflæd 6.

Factoids by Source

AnnalsCamb: Annales Cambriae (5)
Recorded Name (3)
Edelflet (1)
 AnnalsCamb  918 C
Edfled (1)
 AnnalsCamb  918 B
Ælfled (1)
 AnnalsCamb  918 A
Office (1)
Queen (1)
 AnnalsCamb  918 ABC
Event (1)
Death/dying (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.death: Queen Æthelfæd 1 passed away.: AnnalsCamb  918 ABC (918)
AnnalsFragIrel: Fragmentary Annals of Ireland (14)
Recorded Name (2)
Edeldrída (1)
 AnnalsFragIrel  180.459
Edelfrida (1)
 AnnalsFragIrel  168.429
Personal Information (1)
intellectual (1)
 AnnalsFragIrel  180.459 (through her own cleverness)
Office (3)
Queen (3)
 AnnalsFragIrel  168.429 (Queen of the Saxons)
 AnnalsFragIrel  172.429 (Queen, who holds all authority over the Saxons)
 AnnalsFragIrel  180.459
Event (6)
Battle (1)
 Anonymi 2078-Anonymi 2079-Anonymi 2080.battle at Chester: The armies of the Danes (Anonymi 2079) and Norwegians (Anonymi 2080) attacked Chester and were repulsed by the troops (Anonymi 2078).: AnnalsFragIrel  170.429
Grant and Gift (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.grant of land to Ingimund 1: Æthelflæd 4 gave Ingimund 1 lands near Chester, where he stayed for a time.: AnnalsFragIrel  168.429
Message-sending (1)
 Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.request to the Irish (Anonymi 2081): Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 sent messengers (Anonymi 2082) to the Irish (Anonymi 2081).: AnnalsFragIrel  170.429, 172,429
Mustering (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.assembling of her troops (Anonymi 2078) in Chester: [Æthelflæd 4] gathered a large army (Anonymi 2078) from the adjoining regions and filled Chester with her troops.: AnnalsFragIrel  168.429
Peace agreement (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.peace made with men of Alba and Britons (Anonymi 2087): Æthelflæd 4 made peace with the men of Alba and with the Britons (Anonymi 2087).: AnnalsFragIrel  181.459
Request (2)
 Ingimund 1.request to Æthelflæd 4 for land: Ingimund 1 asked Æthelflæd 4 for lands on which to settle.: AnnalsFragIrel  168.429
 Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.request to the Irish (Anonymi 2081): Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 sent messengers (Anonymi 2082) to the Irish (Anonymi 2081).: AnnalsFragIrel  170.429, 172,429
Residence (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.grant of land to Ingimund 1: Æthelflæd 4 gave Ingimund 1 lands near Chester, where he stayed for a time.: AnnalsFragIrel  168.429
Siege (1)
 Anonymi 2078-Anonymi 2079-Anonymi 2080.battle at Chester: The armies of the Danes (Anonymi 2079) and Norwegians (Anonymi 2080) attacked Chester and were repulsed by the troops (Anonymi 2078).: AnnalsFragIrel  170.429
Factoids linked indirectly to Æthelflæd 4 (2)
Occupation (2)
Army of Æthelflæd 4 (1)
 Anonymi 2078: AnnalsFragIrel  168.429
Messenger of Æthelflæd 4 (1)
 Anonymi 2082: AnnalsFragIrel  170.429
AnnalsUlster: Annals of Ulster (4)
Recorded Name (1)
Eithilfleith (1)
 AnnalsUlster  918.5
Personal Information (1)
reputation (1)
 AnnalsUlster  918.5 (very famous)
Office (1)
Queen (1)
 AnnalsUlster  918.5 (Queen of the Saxons)
Event (1)
Death/dying (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.death: Æthelflæd 4 died.: AnnalsUlster  918.5 (918)
ASC (A): Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (A versi... (4)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelflæd (1)
 ASC (A)  918 A, 922 G
Personal Relationship (1)
Æthelflæd 4 Sister (Consanguineal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Edward 2: ASC (A)  918 A, 922 G
Event (2)
Death/dying (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.death: Æthelflæd 4 departed.: ASC (A)  918 A, 922 G (918)
Submission (1)
 Anonymi 1449.submission to Edward 2: All the people in the land of the Mercians who earlier had been subject to Æthelflæd 4 (Anonymi 1449) turned to him [sc. Edward 2].: ASC (A)  918 A, 922 G (918)
ASC (DEF): Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (DEF ver... (3)
Recorded Name (1)
Æðelflæd (1)
 ASC (DEF)  918 E
Office (1)
Lady of (1)
 ASC (DEF)  918 E (Lady of the Mercians)
Event (1)
Death/dying (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.death: Here Æthelflæd 4 passed away.: ASC (DEF)  918 E
ASC (MR): Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (Mercian... (34)
Recorded Name (7)
Æðelflæd (1)
 ASC (MR)  [910] C
Æþelfled (1)
 ASC (MR)  913 D
Æþelflæd (5)
 ASC (MR)  [910] B, 909 D
 ASC (MR)  [912] B, 912 C
 ASC (MR)  [913] B, 913 C
 ASC (MR)  [916] B, 916 C
 ASC (MR)  [917] B, 917 CD
Personal Relationship (4)
Æthelflæd 4 Lady (General relationship) of ~ (4)
 of Missing Person: ASC (MR)  [912] B, 912 C
 of Missing Person: ASC (MR)  [913] B, 913 C
 of Missing Person: ASC (MR)  [917] B, 917 CD
 of Missing Person: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 C
Event (21)
Agreement (1)
 Anonymi 1364.agreement to be at Æthelflæd 4’s command: The people of York (Anonymi 1364) promised, some by pledge, some by oaths, that they were willing to be under her [sc. Æthelflæd 4's] direction.: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
Battle (2)
 Æthelflæd 4.breaking down of Brecenanmere: [Æthelflæd 4 and the fyrd (Anonymi 1359)] broke down Brecenanmere.: ASC (MR)  [916] B, 916 C (916)
 Æthelflæd 4.gaining possession of burh at Derby: Æthelflæd 4 gained control before Lammas of the burh called Derby with all that belonged to it.: ASC (MR)  [917] B, 917 CD (917)
Burh - building (10)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Bridgnorth: [Æthelflæd 4 built] that [burh] at Bridgnorth.: ASC (MR)  [912] B, 912 C (912)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Chirbury: [Æthelflæd 4 built] that [burh] at Chirbury.: ASC (MR)  [915] B, 915 C (915)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Eddisbury: In the next year in the early summer [Æthelflæd 4 built] that [burh] at Eddisbury.: ASC (MR)  [914] B, 914 C
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Runcorn: [Æthelflæd 4 built] before midwinter that [burh] at Runcorn.: ASC (MR)  [915] B, 915 C (915)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Scergeat: Æthelflæd 4 built the burh at 'Scergeat'.: ASC (MR)  [912] B, 912 C (912)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Stafford: BC: Æthelflæd 4 afterwards before Lammas [built] the [fortress] at Stafford; D and also [built] Stafford.: ASC (MR)  [913] B, 913 CD
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Tamworth: [Æthelflæd 4] built [BC: the burh there (sc. at Tamworth), D: Tamworth].: ASC (MR)  [913] B, 913 CD (913)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh at Warwick: [Æthelflæd 4 built] that [burh] at Warwick.: ASC (MR)  [914] B, 914 C, 915 D (914)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh æt Bremesbyrig: Æthelflæd 4 built the burh at Bremesburh.: ASC (MR)  [910] B, 910 C, 909 D (910)
 Æthelflæd 4.building of burh æt Weardbyrig: [Æthelflæd 4 built] that [burh] æt Weardbyrig.: ASC (MR)  [915] B, 915 C (915)
Burh - capture (2)
 Æthelflæd 4.gaining control of burh at Leicester: She [sc. Æthelflæd 4] gained control of the burh at Leicester peacefully.: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
 Æthelflæd 4.gaining possession of burh at Derby: Æthelflæd 4 gained control before Lammas of the burh called Derby with all that belonged to it.: ASC (MR)  [917] B, 917 CD (917)
Burial (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.burial at Gloucester: Her [sc. Æthelflæd 4's] body lay within Gloucester in the east porticus of St Peter's church.: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
Campaigning (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.sending of fierd (Anonymi 1359) against Welsh (Anonymi 1360): Æthelflæd 4 sent the fierd (Anonymi 1359) against the Welsh (Anonymi 1360).: ASC (MR)  [916] B, 916 C (916)
Capture (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.seizure of king’s wife (Anonymous 491) and others (Anonymi 1361): [Æthelflæd 4 and the fierd (Anonymi 1359)] there [sc. at Brecenanmere] seized the wife (Anonymous 491) of the king (Anonymous 492), one of thirty-four people (Anonymi 1361) [sc. seized].: ASC (MR)  [916] B, 916 C (916)
Conquest (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.subjection of most of here (Anonymi 1363): The greater part of the here attached to [Leicester] (Anonymi 1363) were subjugated [by Æthelflæd 4].: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
Death/dying (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.death: [Æthelflæd 4] departed in Tamworth.: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
Demolition (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.breaking down of Brecenanmere: [Æthelflæd 4 and the fyrd (Anonymi 1359)] broke down Brecenanmere.: ASC (MR)  [916] B, 916 C (916)
Journey (2)
 Æthelflæd 4-Anonymi 1357.journey to Tamworth: Æthelflæd 4 went with all the Mercians (Anonymi 1357) to Tamworth.: ASC (MR)  [913] B, 913 C (913)
 Æthelflæd 4.arrival at Scergeat: Here Æthelflæd 4 came to 'Scergeat'.: ASC (MR)  [912] B, 912 C (912)
Oath-swearing/fealty (1)
 Anonymi 1364.agreement to be at Æthelflæd 4’s command: The people of York (Anonymi 1364) promised, some by pledge, some by oaths, that they were willing to be under her [sc. Æthelflæd 4's] direction.: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
Promise (1)
 Anonymi 1364.agreement to be at Æthelflæd 4’s command: The people of York (Anonymi 1364) promised, some by pledge, some by oaths, that they were willing to be under her [sc. Æthelflæd 4's] direction.: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
Submission (2)
 Anonymi 1364.agreement to be at Æthelflæd 4’s command: The people of York (Anonymi 1364) promised, some by pledge, some by oaths, that they were willing to be under her [sc. Æthelflæd 4's] direction.: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
 Æthelflæd 4.subjection of most of here (Anonymi 1363): The greater part of the here attached to [Leicester] (Anonymi 1363) were subjugated [by Æthelflæd 4].: ASC (MR)  [918] B, 918 CD (918)
Factoids linked indirectly to Æthelflæd 4 (2)
Office (1)
Thegn of Æthelflæd 4 (1)
 Anonymi 1362: ASC (MR)  [917] B, 917 CD
Status (1)
Captive of Æthelflæd 4 (1)
 Anonymi 1361: ASC (MR)  [916] B, 916 C
Asser.VitAlfredi: Life of Alfred (5)
Recorded Name (1)
Æthelflæd (1)
 Asser.VitAlfredi  75
Personal Relationship (3)
Æthelflæd 4 Daughter (Consanguineal kinship) of ~ (2)
 of Alfred 8: Asser.VitAlfredi  75
 of Ealhswith 1: Asser.VitAlfredi  75
Æthelflæd 4 Wife (Affinal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Æthelred 1: Asser.VitAlfredi  75
Event (1)
Marriage (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.marriage to Æthelred 1 [= Æthelred 1]: Æthelflæd 4 was joined to Æthelred 1 [= Æthelred 1] in matrimony.: Asser.VitAlfredi  75
S1280 (6)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelflæd (1)
 S1280   
Office (1)
Lady of (1)
 S1280   
Status (1)
Lady (1)
 S1280   
Event (3)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S1280 - Wærfrith 6 leasing land to Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4: Wærfrith 6, bishop, and the community at Worcester 1, to Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, their lords; lease, for their lives and that of Ælfwynn 2 [their daughter] of a messuage (haga) in Worcester and land at Barbourne in North Claines, Worcs., with reversion to the bishop.: S1280    (904)
Lease (2)
 S1280 - Wærfrith 6 leasing land to Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4: Wærfrith 6, bishop, and the community at Worcester 1, to Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, their lords; lease, for their lives and that of Ælfwynn 2 [their daughter] of a messuage (haga) in Worcester and land at Barbourne in North Claines, Worcs., with reversion to the bishop.: S1280    (904)
 Wærfrith 6.S1280 leasing land to Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4: Wærfrith 6, bishop, and the community at Worcester 1, to Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, their lords; lease, for their lives and that of Ælfwynn 2, their daughter, of a messuage (haga) in Worcester 1 and land at Barbourne in North Claines, Worcs., with reversion to the bishop.: S1280    (904)
S1282 (2)
Office (1)
Dux (1)
 S1282   
Event (1)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S1282 - Wærfrith 6 leasing land to Cynehelm 9: Wærfrith 6, bishop (of Worcester), with the permission of King Alfred 8 and of Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, to Cynehelm 9, his kinsman; lease, for three lives, of 10 hides (manentes) at Bengeworth, Worcs., with reversion to the bishopric. The land had been granted to the church of Worcester by Burgred 5, king of the Mercians, and Bishop Ealhhun 2.: S1282    (907)
Grant and Gift (1)
 S1282 - Wærfrith 6 leasing land to Cynehelm 9: Wærfrith 6, bishop (of Worcester), with the permission of King Alfred 8 and of Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, to Cynehelm 9, his kinsman; lease, for three lives, of 10 hides (manentes) at Bengeworth, Worcs., with reversion to the bishopric. The land had been granted to the church of Worcester by Burgred 5, king of the Mercians, and Bishop Ealhhun 2.: S1282    (907)
S1441 (2)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelflæd (1)
 S1441   
Event (1)
Agreement (1)
 S1441 - agreement between Wærfrith 6 and Æthelwald 31: Record of an agreement between Wærfrith 6, bishop of Worcester, and Æthelwald 31 concerning woodland at Woodchester, Bisley, Avening, Gloucs.; and at Scorranstone (? Sherston, Wilts.) and Thornbyrig (? Thornbury, Gloucs.) and swine-pasture at Longridge, Gloucs: S1441    (896)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S1441 - agreement between Wærfrith 6 and Æthelwald 31: Record of an agreement between Wærfrith 6, bishop of Worcester, and Æthelwald 31 concerning woodland at Woodchester, Bisley, Avening, Gloucs.; and at Scorranstone (? Sherston, Wilts.) and Thornbyrig (? Thornbury, Gloucs.) and swine-pasture at Longridge, Gloucs: S1441    (896)
Property-transacting (1)
 S1441 - agreement between Wærfrith 6 and Æthelwald 31: Record of an agreement between Wærfrith 6, bishop of Worcester, and Æthelwald 31 concerning woodland at Woodchester, Bisley, Avening, Gloucs.; and at Scorranstone (? Sherston, Wilts.) and Thornbyrig (? Thornbury, Gloucs.) and swine-pasture at Longridge, Gloucs: S1441    (896)
S1446 (2)
Recorded Name (1)
Æðelflæd (1)
 S1446   
Event (1)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S1446 - Wærfrith 6-Eadnoth 4 settling dispute: Settlement of a dispute between Wærfrith 6, bishop, and Eadnoth 4, concerning land at Sodbury, Gloucs. : S1446    (903)
Disputing/dispute-settling (1)
 S1446 - Wærfrith 6-Eadnoth 4 settling dispute: Settlement of a dispute between Wærfrith 6, bishop, and Eadnoth 4, concerning land at Sodbury, Gloucs. : S1446    (903)
S1507 (2)
Personal Relationship (1)
Æthelflæd 4 Daughter (Consanguineal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Alfred 8: S1507   
Event (1)
Bequeathing/will-making (1)
 Alfred 8.S1507 bequeathing land to Æthelflæd 4: King Alfred 8 to [Æthelflæd 4], his eldest daughter; bequest of the residence at Wellow [Somerset or Wilts.], and 100 pounds.: S1507    (873 x 888)
S1628 (1)
Event (1)
Grant and Gift (1)
 Alfred 8.granting land to Canterbury and Worcester: Alfred 8, king, and Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, to Plegmund 1, archbishop, and to Christ Church, and to Wærfrith 6, bishop, and the church of Worcester; grant of 2 iugera of land at Ætheredes hyd (Queenhithe) on the Thames, one to each.: S1628    (898 x 899)
S216 (1)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelflæd (1)
 S216   
S217 (3)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelflæd (1)
 S217   
Personal Relationship (1)
Æthelflæd 4 Wife (Affinal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Æthelred 1: S217   
Event (1)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S217 - Æthelred 1 granting land to the diocese of Worcester 1: Æthelred 1, dux et patricius of Mercian people, to the bishopric of Worcester 1; grant of 6 hides (mansiones) at Brightwell Baldwin and 8 at Watlington, Oxon., to pertain to the church at Readanoran (i.e. Pyrton, Oxon): S217    (887)
Grant and Gift (1)
 S217 - Æthelred 1 granting land to the diocese of Worcester 1: Æthelred 1, dux et patricius of Mercian people, to the bishopric of Worcester 1; grant of 6 hides (mansiones) at Brightwell Baldwin and 8 at Watlington, Oxon., to pertain to the church at Readanoran (i.e. Pyrton, Oxon): S217    (887)
S220 (2)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelflæd (1)
 S220   
Event (1)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S220 - Æthelred 1 granting land: Æthelred 1, procurator of Mercians, to Wulfgar 2, minister; grant of 15 hides (manentes) at Walden, Herts.: S220    (888)
Grant and Gift (1)
 S220 - Æthelred 1 granting land: Æthelred 1, procurator of Mercians, to Wulfgar 2, minister; grant of 15 hides (manentes) at Walden, Herts.: S220    (888)
S221 (7)
Recorded Name (1)
Æðelfled (1)
 S221   
Office (2)
Gubernator (1)
 S221    (holding by the assisting grace of God the monarchy of the Mercians and governing and defending them in honourable manner)
Monarchus (1)
 S221    (holding by the assisting grace of God the monarchy of the Mercians and governing and defending them in honourable manner)
Event (4)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S221 - Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 exchanging with Much Wenlock: Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, rulers of Mercia, to the community of the church of Much Wenlock; grant of 10 hides (cassatae) at Stanton Long and 3 hides (manentes) at Caughley in Barrow, Salop., in exchange for 3 hides (manentes) at Easthope and 5 at Patton, Salop. They also grant a gold chalice weighing 30 mancuses in honour of Abbess Mildburg 1.: S221    (901)
Grant and Gift (3)
 Much Wenlock 1.S221 exchanging with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4: Æthelred 15 and Æthelflæd 7, rulers of Mercia, to the community of the church of Much Wenlock 1; grant of 10 hides (cassatae) at Stanton Long and 3 hides (manentes) at Caughley in Barrow, Salop., in exchange for 3 hides (manentes) at Easthope and 5 at Patton, Salop. They also grant a gold chalice weighing 30 mancuses in honour of Abbess Mildburg 1.: S221    (901)
 S221 - Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 exchanging with Much Wenlock: Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, rulers of Mercia, to the community of the church of Much Wenlock; grant of 10 hides (cassatae) at Stanton Long and 3 hides (manentes) at Caughley in Barrow, Salop., in exchange for 3 hides (manentes) at Easthope and 5 at Patton, Salop. They also grant a gold chalice weighing 30 mancuses in honour of Abbess Mildburg 1.: S221    (901)
 Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.S221 exchanging with Much Wenlock 1: Æthelred 15 and Æthelflæd 7, rulers of Mercia, to the community of the church of Much Wenlock; grant of 10 hides (cassatae) at Stanton Long and 3 hides (manentes) at Caughley in Barrow, Salop., in exchange for 3 hides (manentes) at Easthope and 5 at Patton, Salop. They also grant a gold chalice weighing 30 mancuses in honour of Abbess Mildburg 1.: S221    (901)
Property-exchanging (3)
 Much Wenlock 1.S221 exchanging with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4: Æthelred 15 and Æthelflæd 7, rulers of Mercia, to the community of the church of Much Wenlock 1; grant of 10 hides (cassatae) at Stanton Long and 3 hides (manentes) at Caughley in Barrow, Salop., in exchange for 3 hides (manentes) at Easthope and 5 at Patton, Salop. They also grant a gold chalice weighing 30 mancuses in honour of Abbess Mildburg 1.: S221    (901)
 S221 - Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 exchanging with Much Wenlock: Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, rulers of Mercia, to the community of the church of Much Wenlock; grant of 10 hides (cassatae) at Stanton Long and 3 hides (manentes) at Caughley in Barrow, Salop., in exchange for 3 hides (manentes) at Easthope and 5 at Patton, Salop. They also grant a gold chalice weighing 30 mancuses in honour of Abbess Mildburg 1.: S221    (901)
 Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.S221 exchanging with Much Wenlock 1: Æthelred 15 and Æthelflæd 7, rulers of Mercia, to the community of the church of Much Wenlock; grant of 10 hides (cassatae) at Stanton Long and 3 hides (manentes) at Caughley in Barrow, Salop., in exchange for 3 hides (manentes) at Easthope and 5 at Patton, Salop. They also grant a gold chalice weighing 30 mancuses in honour of Abbess Mildburg 1.: S221    (901)
S223 (7)
Recorded Name (2)
Æðelflæd (1)
 S223   
Æþelflæd (1)
 S223   
Personal Relationship (1)
~ Friend (General relationship) of Æthelflæd 4 (1)
 Wærfrith 6: of Æthelflæd 4: S223   
Event (4)
Burh - building (1)
 Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.ordering burh at Worcester to be built: Æthelred 1, ealdorman, and Æthelflæd 4 ordered the burh at Worcester to be built for the protection of all the people and to exalt the praise of God therein: S223    ( x 899)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S223 - Æthelred 1 & Æthelflæd 4 granting rights to Worcester: Æthelred 1, ealdorman, and Æthelflæd 4, with the witness of King Alfred 8, to the church of Worcester, St Peter's; grant of legal and trading rights at Worcester: land-rent, the fine for fighting, or theft, or dishonest trading, and damages to the borough-wall, and all the [fines for] offences which admit of compensation, are to belong half to the lord of the church, for the sake of God and St Peter, exactly as it has been laid done as regards this market-place and the streets; outside the market-place, the bishop is to be entitled to his lands and all his rights.: S223    (884 x 889)
Grant and Gift (2)
 S223 - Æthelred 1 & Æthelflæd 4 granting rights to Worcester: Æthelred 1, ealdorman, and Æthelflæd 4, with the witness of King Alfred 8, to the church of Worcester, St Peter's; grant of legal and trading rights at Worcester: land-rent, the fine for fighting, or theft, or dishonest trading, and damages to the borough-wall, and all the [fines for] offences which admit of compensation, are to belong half to the lord of the church, for the sake of God and St Peter, exactly as it has been laid done as regards this market-place and the streets; outside the market-place, the bishop is to be entitled to his lands and all his rights.: S223    (884 x 889)
 Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.S223 granting rights to St Peter's, Worcester: Æthelred 1, ealdorman, and Æthelflæd 4, with the witness of King Alfred 8, to the church of Worcester, St Peter's 1; grant of legal and trading rights at Worcester: land-rent, the fine for fighting, or theft, or dishonest trading, and damages to the borough-wall, and all the [fines for] offences which admit of compensation, are to belong half to the lord of the church, for the sake of God and St Peter, exactly as it has been laid done as regards this market-place and the streets; outside the market-place, the bishop is to be entitled to his lands and all his rights.: S223    (884 x 901)
Law-making/legislation (2)
 S223 - Æthelred 1 & Æthelflæd 4 granting rights to Worcester: Æthelred 1, ealdorman, and Æthelflæd 4, with the witness of King Alfred 8, to the church of Worcester, St Peter's; grant of legal and trading rights at Worcester: land-rent, the fine for fighting, or theft, or dishonest trading, and damages to the borough-wall, and all the [fines for] offences which admit of compensation, are to belong half to the lord of the church, for the sake of God and St Peter, exactly as it has been laid done as regards this market-place and the streets; outside the market-place, the bishop is to be entitled to his lands and all his rights.: S223    (884 x 889)
 Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.S223 granting rights to St Peter's, Worcester: Æthelred 1, ealdorman, and Æthelflæd 4, with the witness of King Alfred 8, to the church of Worcester, St Peter's 1; grant of legal and trading rights at Worcester: land-rent, the fine for fighting, or theft, or dishonest trading, and damages to the borough-wall, and all the [fines for] offences which admit of compensation, are to belong half to the lord of the church, for the sake of God and St Peter, exactly as it has been laid done as regards this market-place and the streets; outside the market-place, the bishop is to be entitled to his lands and all his rights.: S223    (884 x 901)
Liturgical celebration (1)
 Wærfrith 6-Worcester, Peter’s.appointing divine offices for Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4: Bishop Wærfrith 6 and the community of Worcester, St Peter's, appointed the following divine offices to be said for Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 both during their lives and after their deaths: at every matins and at every vespers and at every tierce, the psalm De profundis as long as they live, and after their death Laudate Dominum; and every Saturday in St Peter's church 30 psalms and a mass for them.: S223    (889 x 899)
Religious practice (1)
 Wærfrith 6-Worcester, Peter’s.appointing divine offices for Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4: Bishop Wærfrith 6 and the community of Worcester, St Peter's, appointed the following divine offices to be said for Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 both during their lives and after their deaths: at every matins and at every vespers and at every tierce, the psalm De profundis as long as they live, and after their death Laudate Dominum; and every Saturday in St Peter's church 30 psalms and a mass for them.: S223    (889 x 899)
S224 (7)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelfled (1)
 S224   
Status (1)
Lady (1)
 S224   
Personal Relationship (1)
~ Friend (General relationship) of Æthelflæd 4 (1)
 Ealhhelm 7: of Æthelflæd 4: S224   
Event (4)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S224 - Æthelflæd 4 exchanging with Ealhhelm 7: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
Grant and Gift (3)
 Ealhhelm 7.S224 exchanging with Æthelflæd 4: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
 S224 - Æthelflæd 4 exchanging with Ealhhelm 7: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
 Æthelflæd 4.S224 exchanging with Ealhhelm 7: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
Property-exchanging (2)
 Ealhhelm 7.S224 exchanging with Æthelflæd 4: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
 Æthelflæd 4.S224 exchanging with Ealhhelm 7: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
Property-giving/selling (3)
 Ealhhelm 7.S224 exchanging with Æthelflæd 4: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
 S224 - Æthelflæd 4 exchanging with Ealhhelm 7: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
 Æthelflæd 4.S224 exchanging with Ealhhelm 7: Æthelflæd 4, lady of the Mercians, to Ealhhelm 7; grant of 2 hides (manentes) at Stantun (? Stanton by Newhall, Derbys.), in return for 60 swine and 300 solidi: S224    (914)
S225 (5)
Recorded Name (2)
Æþelfled (2)
 S225   
 S225   
Office (1)
Gubernator (1)
 S225    (governing the kingdom of the Mercians)
Event (2)
Burning (1)
 S225 - Æthelflæd 4 confirming land of Eadric 7: Æthelflæd 4, ruler of the Mercians, to Eadric 7, minister; grant of permission to acquire 10 hides (manentes) at Farnborough (Warwicks. or Berks.), bought from Wulflaf 13. The orginal landbook, granted by King Offa 7 to Bynna 2, Wulflaf 13's great-great-grandfather (abavus), had been destroyed in a fire.: S225    (915)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S225 - Æthelflæd 4 confirming land of Eadric 7: Æthelflæd 4, ruler of the Mercians, to Eadric 7, minister; grant of permission to acquire 10 hides (manentes) at Farnborough (Warwicks. or Berks.), bought from Wulflaf 13. The orginal landbook, granted by King Offa 7 to Bynna 2, Wulflaf 13's great-great-grandfather (abavus), had been destroyed in a fire.: S225    (915)
Grant and Gift (1)
 S225 - Æthelflæd 4 confirming land of Eadric 7: Æthelflæd 4, ruler of the Mercians, to Eadric 7, minister; grant of permission to acquire 10 hides (manentes) at Farnborough (Warwicks. or Berks.), bought from Wulflaf 13. The orginal landbook, granted by King Offa 7 to Bynna 2, Wulflaf 13's great-great-grandfather (abavus), had been destroyed in a fire.: S225    (915)
Property-buying/purchasing (1)
 S225 - Æthelflæd 4 confirming land of Eadric 7: Æthelflæd 4, ruler of the Mercians, to Eadric 7, minister; grant of permission to acquire 10 hides (manentes) at Farnborough (Warwicks. or Berks.), bought from Wulflaf 13. The orginal landbook, granted by King Offa 7 to Bynna 2, Wulflaf 13's great-great-grandfather (abavus), had been destroyed in a fire.: S225    (915)
S346 (2)
Recorded Name (1)
Æþelflæd (1)
 S346   
Event (1)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S346 - Alfred 8 & Æthelred 1 granting land and commercial privileges to Wærfrith 6: Alfred 8, king of the English and the Saxons, and Æthelred 1, subregulus et patricius Merciorum, to Wærfrith 6, bishop of Worcester; grant of land æt Hwætmundes stane in London, with commercial privileges: S346    (889)
Grant and Gift (1)
 S346 - Alfred 8 & Æthelred 1 granting land and commercial privileges to Wærfrith 6: Alfred 8, king of the English and the Saxons, and Æthelred 1, subregulus et patricius Merciorum, to Wærfrith 6, bishop of Worcester; grant of land æt Hwætmundes stane in London, with commercial privileges: S346    (889)
S361 (5)
Recorded Name (2)
(1)
 S361   
Æþelflæd (1)
 S361   
Event (3)
Charter confirmation (2)
 S361 - Edward 2 confirming sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2: Edward 2, Æthelred 1, and Ætheflæd 1 confirm the sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2 of 5 hides (manentes) at Water Eaton, Oxon., the earlier landbook having been lost: S361    (904)
 S361 - Wigfrith 2 requesting Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 for confirmation of land: Wigfrith 2 requested that Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 confirm Hungyth's sale of land to him: S361    (904)
Charter-witnessing (2)
 S361 - Edward 2 confirming sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2: Edward 2, Æthelred 1, and Ætheflæd 1 confirm the sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2 of 5 hides (manentes) at Water Eaton, Oxon., the earlier landbook having been lost: S361    (904)
 S361 - Wigfrith 2 requesting Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 for confirmation of land: Wigfrith 2 requested that Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 confirm Hungyth's sale of land to him: S361    (904)
Confirmation of land/privileges (2)
 S361 - Edward 2 confirming sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2: Edward 2, Æthelred 1, and Ætheflæd 1 confirm the sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2 of 5 hides (manentes) at Water Eaton, Oxon., the earlier landbook having been lost: S361    (904)
 S361 - Wigfrith 2 requesting Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 for confirmation of land: Wigfrith 2 requested that Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 confirm Hungyth's sale of land to him: S361    (904)
Property-giving/selling (2)
 S361 - Edward 2 confirming sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2: Edward 2, Æthelred 1, and Ætheflæd 1 confirm the sale by Hungyth 1 to Wigfrith 2 of 5 hides (manentes) at Water Eaton, Oxon., the earlier landbook having been lost: S361    (904)
 S361 - Wigfrith 2 requesting Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 for confirmation of land: Wigfrith 2 requested that Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 confirm Hungyth's sale of land to him: S361    (904)
Request (1)
 S361 - Wigfrith 2 requesting Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 for confirmation of land: Wigfrith 2 requested that Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 confirm Hungyth's sale of land to him: S361    (904)
S367 (5)
Recorded Name (2)
Æðelfled (1)
 S367   
Æðelflæd (1)
 S367   
Office (1)
Lady of (1)
 S367    (held dominion and power over the Mercian people under the aforesaid king [Edward 1])
Event (2)
Charter confirmation (1)
 S367 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Æthelwulf 30 to Æthelgyth 1, his daughter, of 30 hides (cassati) at Monks Risborough, Bucks.: S367    (903)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S367 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Æthelwulf 30 to Æthelgyth 1, his daughter, of 30 hides (cassati) at Monks Risborough, Bucks.: S367    (903)
Grant and Gift (1)
 S367 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Æthelwulf 30 to Æthelgyth 1, his daughter, of 30 hides (cassati) at Monks Risborough, Bucks.: S367    (903)
Request (1)
 S367 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Æthelwulf 30 to Æthelgyth 1, his daughter, of 30 hides (cassati) at Monks Risborough, Bucks.: S367    (903)
S367a (5)
Recorded Name (2)
Aþelfled (1)
 S367a   
Æþelfled (1)
 S367a   
Office (1)
Lady of (1)
 S367a    (held dominion and power over the Mercian people under the aforesaid king [Edward 1])
Event (2)
Charter confirmation (1)
 S367a - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Cenwulf 3, king of Mercia, to Beornnoth 2, comes, of 10 hides (cassati) at Islington, Middx.: S367a    (903)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S367a - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Cenwulf 3, king of Mercia, to Beornnoth 2, comes, of 10 hides (cassati) at Islington, Middx.: S367a    (903)
Grant and Gift (1)
 S367a - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Cenwulf 3, king of Mercia, to Beornnoth 2, comes, of 10 hides (cassati) at Islington, Middx.: S367a    (903)
Request (1)
 S367a - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 renewing a charter: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4 of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith 3, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Cenwulf 3, king of Mercia, to Beornnoth 2, comes, of 10 hides (cassati) at Islington, Middx.: S367a    (903)
S371 (4)
Recorded Name (1)
Ethelfled (1)
 S371   
Office (1)
Lady of (1)
 S371    (held dominion and power over the Mercian people under [Edward 1])
Event (2)
Burning (1)
 S371 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renewing landbook and confirming land for Æthelfrith 3: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renews a landbook destroyed by fire for Æthelfrith 3, dux; confirmation of 20 hides (cassati) at Wrington, Somerset: S371    (903)
Charter confirmation (2)
 Edward 2-Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.S371 confirming land of Æthelfrith 3: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renewed a landbook destroyed by fire for Æthelfrith 3, dux; confirmation of 20 hides (cassati) at Wrington, Somerset: S371    (903)
 S371 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renewing landbook and confirming land for Æthelfrith 3: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renews a landbook destroyed by fire for Æthelfrith 3, dux; confirmation of 20 hides (cassati) at Wrington, Somerset: S371    (903)
Charter-witnessing (1)
 S371 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renewing landbook and confirming land for Æthelfrith 3: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renews a landbook destroyed by fire for Æthelfrith 3, dux; confirmation of 20 hides (cassati) at Wrington, Somerset: S371    (903)
Confirmation of land/privileges (1)
 Edward 2-Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.S371 confirming land of Æthelfrith 3: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renewed a landbook destroyed by fire for Æthelfrith 3, dux; confirmation of 20 hides (cassati) at Wrington, Somerset: S371    (903)
Grant and Gift (2)
 Edward 2-Æthelred 1-Æthelflæd 4.S371 confirming land of Æthelfrith 3: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renewed a landbook destroyed by fire for Æthelfrith 3, dux; confirmation of 20 hides (cassati) at Wrington, Somerset: S371    (903)
 S371 - Edward 2, Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renewing landbook and confirming land for Æthelfrith 3: King Edward 2, with Æthelred 1 and Æthelflæd 4, renews a landbook destroyed by fire for Æthelfrith 3, dux; confirmation of 20 hides (cassati) at Wrington, Somerset: S371    (903)
WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum: Gesta Pontificum Anglorum (3)
Personal Relationship (2)
Æthelflæd 4 Daughter (Consanguineal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Alfred 8: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum  iv.155.3
Æthelflæd 4 Wife (Affinal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Æthelred 1: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum  iv.155.3
Event (1)
Church/monastery/minster foundation/dedication/restoration (1)
 Æthelflæd 4-Æthelred 1.building of Gloucester monastery: In Gloucester at the time of King Alfred 8 his daughter Æthelflæd 4 and her husband Æthelred 1 had built a well-provisioned monastery on which no expense was spared; and they had transferred there from Bardney the remains of King Oswald 1, all Mercia being under their sway.: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum  iv.155.3
Exhumation (1)
 Æthelflæd 4-Æthelred 1.building of Gloucester monastery: In Gloucester at the time of King Alfred 8 his daughter Æthelflæd 4 and her husband Æthelred 1 had built a well-provisioned monastery on which no expense was spared; and they had transferred there from Bardney the remains of King Oswald 1, all Mercia being under their sway.: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum  iv.155.3
Tomb-making/opening (1)
 Æthelflæd 4-Æthelred 1.building of Gloucester monastery: In Gloucester at the time of King Alfred 8 his daughter Æthelflæd 4 and her husband Æthelred 1 had built a well-provisioned monastery on which no expense was spared; and they had transferred there from Bardney the remains of King Oswald 1, all Mercia being under their sway.: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum  iv.155.3
Æthelweard.Chron: Chronicle of Æthelweard (4)
Recorded Name (1)
Æðelfled (1)
 Æthelweard.Chron  iv.4 (p. 53)
Personal Relationship (1)
Æthelflæd 4 Sister (Consanguineal kinship) of ~ (1)
 of Edward 2: Æthelweard.Chron  iv.4 (p. 53)
Event (2)
Burial (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.burial in Gloucester: The body of [Æthelflæd 4] was buried in the citadel of Gloucester.: Æthelweard.Chron  iv.4 (pp. 53-4) (918)
Death/dying (1)
 Æthelflæd 4.death: Æthelflæd 4 passed from the world.: Æthelweard.Chron  iv.4 (p. 53) (918)